Hans Bol (1534-1593)
Hans Bol ( 1534 - 1593)
Flemish printmaker, painter and etcher. Born in Mechelen, moved to Antwerp in 1572 and to the Nothern Netherlands in 1584 after religious persecutions. He died in Amsterdam. Renowned for his miniatures, Hans Bol learned his trade from two uncles, who were also painters. At age fourteen he was apprenticed to a painter of Waterschilderen , Waterschilderen, a specialty of artists in Mechelen, were used as wall decorations instead of expensive tapestries. According to Karel Van Mander, Bol's large watercolors were widely copied. He thus turned to making miniatures in bodycolor on parchment, which he promoted as independent cabinet paintings; these earned him a good income and an international clientele.
Despite the war with Spain and periods of religious unrest that caused frequent upheavals in his life, Bol remained one of the Netherlands' most prolific and successful landscapists. He painted some oil paintings, illuminated a breviary for a French duke, and made many drawings that were the basis for engravings.
His pupils included Joris Hoefnagel., Frans Boel and Jacob Savery.
Bol's works combined artifice and naturalism in formats ranging from extensive panoramas to intimate views of the Flemish countryside, usually including small figures enacting a biblical or mythological scene, an allegory, or a genre scene.
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